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introduction
This document tells you how to use Internet anonymous FTP. FTP is the Internet's service for
copying files from one computer to another. FTP normally requires you to have a username on both
computers. Some computers on the Internet offer anonymous FTP, which allows you to retrieve some
of their files even though you are not enrolled as one of their users.
In brief, you use FTP just as you would if you had a username on the remote system. When you are
prompted for a username, you use the username "anonymous". When you are prompted for the
password, most systems will accept any password you give. Some systems tell you what to type for
a password.
procedure
Each different computer has its own FTP program which often differs from other in the messages
and prompts it displays. Thus, our explanation will not include the exact wording of the messages
and prompts you will recieve. For the CMS Unix environment, log in to your CMS computing account, and type the
following commands at the CMS Unix prompt (i.e. gamera%).
-
% ftp servername
- Look for a message saying that you are connected to it. When you are connected, you will
be prompted for a username. Typical prompts are:
At this prompt, type the word anonymous and press RETURN:
- The computer will prompt you for a password:
Before this, it will probably give you an explanitory message prompting you what to enter
for the password. Many computers give the message:
send real ident as password
This is asking for your username, but it is not enforced. Some computers will give more
specific instructions, such as asking for the password GUEST. Type the password
and press RETURN.
At this point, the computer will give you a message to the effect that you have logged in
successfully:
Guest login ok and you may copy files.
By default, you are using a directory specifically reserved for files available to the general
public.
commands
All the normal FTP commands may be used to retrieve files. Some FTP commands are the same on
different computers, but others are not. Usually, FTP will list the commands if you type "
help" or type a question mark (?). Also, your computers help commands may have
information about FTP. Some useful commands available on most systems include:
| getq |
Copy a file from the remote computer to yours. |
| put |
Copy a file from your computer to the remote computer. This is of limited use
under anonymous FTP. |
| dir |
List the files in the directory you are currently set to use. The format of the
output depends upon the remote computer. |
| cd |
Change directory. Use this command with a specification of a directory on the
remote system that you wish to use. After this command, further commands will
assume this directory. |
| binary |
Switch to binary mode. By default, file transfers are translated in such a
way that text remains readable. Binary mode disables all translation. |
| ascii |
Switch to ascii mode. Ascii mode is the default mode which preserves the
readability of text. |
Other commands (including the command to quit) vary. The command to quit is often exit,
QUIT, or bye.
example session
Commands entered by the user are in bold print.
% ftp icarus.cns.syr.edu
Connected to icarus.cns.syr.edu.
220 icarus.cns.syr.edu FTP server (Version 4.164) ready.
Name (icarus:mmroe) : anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send ident as password
Password: (password, "ident", is typed in here but not shown on the screen)
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
ftp> dir
220 port command successful.
150 opening data connection for /bin/ls (ascii mode) (0 bytes).
total 5
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 26 1988 bin
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 26 1988 etc
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